The exam is arranged by topics, making it easy for test-takers to focus and follow. It also includes subjects on nutrition, genetics, and aging. It evaluates their proficiency in basic sciences, such as anatomy, behavioral sciences, biochemistry, immunology, microbiology, pathology, pharmacology, and physiology. The USMLE Step 1 is a one-day exam that medical students usually take at the end of their second school year. As mentioned earlier, the USMLE consists of three steps that you will need to take at different stages of your medical education.